A Density Scale

Density


Server Sky will deploy at 6411 km altitude. Gas density at that altitude is 6E-18 kg/m2, mostly hydrogen. That is 5E-18 times smaller than air density at the surface; it is difficult to comprehend just how tenuous the exosphere is, so here is a density scale. The densities below assume average solar activity, F107 = 150 , averaged over the day, on the equator, at the equinox .

|| "zone" || density kg/m3|| pressure ||

Mega

≈ 1e6

3.6 MBar

Center of Earth

ideal gas density at pressure

Kilo

≈ 1e3

1.1 KBar

Deepest Ocean

ideal gas density at pressure

1.2

1.01 Bar

0 km altitude

Sea level

milli

1.1e-03

50 km altitude

micro

6.8e-07

100 km altitude

"edge of space", suborbitals

nano

1.2e-09

160 km altitude

useful low earth orbits

pico

2e-12

410 km altitude

International Space Station

femto

1e-15

1250 km altitude

lowest sustainable solar sail

atto

3e-17

beamline Large Hadron Collider

atto

6e-18

6411 km altitude

m288 server sky

atto?

?

35786 km altitude

geosynchronous orbit

zepto

1e-20

interplanetary space

zepto

1e-21

The air is too dense at ISS altitudes (in the pico zone) to experiment with server sky - thinsats must be in orbit long enough to test maneuvering and to be observed from the earth, in the femto circular orbit zone or higher. Low earth orbits in the nano zone have a million times as much drag, and a suborbital in the micro zone has a billion times as much density, though it may briefly come to a stop in a vertical trajectory.