Supernova effects on Server Sky and Stady Shell

The Sun's absolute bolometric (all band) magnitude is +4.74, 3.828e26 W, so an absolute magnitude of zero is 3.013e28 W.

Supernovae Light Curves:

(by litopsian on Wikipedia)

• Stellar Interiors by Hansen+ QB808 H36 1994
  • Table 6.3 p 247
  • C + C → Ne + α 44% . . . C + C → Na + p 56%
  • O + O → Si + α 21% . . . O + O → P + p 61% . . . O + O → Si + n 18%
    • Thielemann and Arnett 1985 2x downloaded
  • Truran 1966 (paywall)
  • Bodansky Clayton Fowler 1968 2x downloaded
  • Section 6.8 p251 Neutrino emission mechanisms

    • When temperatures are high enough - kT ~ 2 m_ec² photons creates electron positron pairs

    • I have this book

Stellar evolution to supernova, and neutrino emissions

• http://hosting.astro.cornell.edu/academics/courses/astro201/highmass.htm

• ee050 F 1.25 to 1.8 intrinsically variable, helium ionization heat/expand/cool/shrink Cepheid variables
  • 1 to 50 day periods
  • Delta Cephei is 5.366 day, mag 3.48 to 4.37, delta 0.87 or 2.23x
• ee059 at 1.5 GK oxygen fuses to silicon, phosphorus, then sulfur

Neutrinos: "1 light year of lead" is 9.5e15 m times 11,000 kg/m³, or 1e20 kg/m². In the pre-supernova silicon-burning phase, core density is 3e7 g/cm³ or 3e10 kg/m³, so a 3 million kilometer column of core would absorb a substantial fraction of neutrinos.

AL26

The 1.8 MeV gamma emission of ²⁶Al decay to ²⁶Mn tells us about galactic frequency of Type II supernovae, about 2 per century , estimated from the gamma emissions from the ²⁶Al around us, about 2.8 solar masses in the galaxy (5.6e30 kg). One supernova produces 2.5e26 kg of ²⁶Al. The half life of ²⁶Al is 717 ky, so the decay rate is 3e-14 per second, or 7e11 decays/kg-s, or 0.2 W/kg. Assuming 0.04 c radial velocity, and isotropic deposition at a distance of 100 light years (9.4605e17m) 2500 years later (0.25% has decayed), the deposited material density is 2.2e-11 kg/m², the radioactivity is 4e-12 W/m² or 7.4 MeV/m²-s or about 4 decays per second. Not much.

At stadyshell distance from the sun, there will be some distortion of the shell density due to the solar magnetic field, which will deflect the beam somewhat.